Authenticate API Requests with Bearer Tokens in Python using `requests`

import requests
import json

def make_authenticated_api_request(url, token, method='GET', data=None, params=None):
    """Makes an authenticated API request with a Bearer token.

    Args:
        url (str): The API endpoint URL.
        token (str): The Bearer token for authentication.
        method (str, optional): The HTTP method (e.g., 'GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE'). Defaults to 'GET'.
        data (dict, optional): Dictionary of data to send in the request body (for POST, PUT).
        params (dict, optional): Dictionary of query parameters.

    Returns:
        dict or None: The JSON response data if successful, None otherwise.
    """
    headers = {
        'Authorization': f'Bearer {token}',
        'Content-Type': 'application/json' # Assuming JSON payload for POST/PUT
    }

    try:
        if method.upper() == 'GET':
            response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params)
        elif method.upper() == 'POST':
            response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=data, params=params)
        elif method.upper() == 'PUT':
            response = requests.put(url, headers=headers, json=data, params=params)
        elif method.upper() == 'DELETE':
            response = requests.delete(url, headers=headers, params=params)
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Unsupported HTTP method: {method}")

        response.raise_for_status() # Raise HTTPError for bad responses (4xx or 5xx)
        return response.json()

    except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as http_err:
        print(f"HTTP error occurred: {http_err} - Response: {http_err.response.text}")
    except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as conn_err:
        print(f"Connection error occurred: {conn_err}")
    except requests.exceptions.Timeout as timeout_err:
        print(f"Timeout error occurred: {timeout_err}")
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as req_err:
        print(f"An error occurred: {req_err}")
    except ValueError as val_err:
        print(f"Invalid input: {val_err}")

    return None

# --- Example Usage ---
# Replace with your actual token and API endpoint
# YOUR_BEARER_TOKEN = "your_secret_bearer_token_here"
# API_BASE_URL = "https://api.example.com"

# # Example GET request
# print("
--- GET Request ---")
# data = make_authenticated_api_request(f"{API_BASE_URL}/users", YOUR_BEARER_TOKEN)
# if data:
#     print("Fetched data:", json.dumps(data, indent=2))

# # Example POST request
# print("
--- POST Request ---")
# new_item = {"name": "Test Item", "value": 100}
# post_response = make_authenticated_api_request(f"{API_BASE_URL}/items", YOUR_BEARER_TOKEN, method='POST', data=new_item)
# if post_response:
#     print("POST response:", json.dumps(post_response, indent=2))