Automate Web Project File Permissions (chmod/chown)

#!/bin/bash

# --- Configuration ---
# The directory where your web project is located (e.g., /var/www/html/my_app)
PROJECT_ROOT="${1:-.}" # Default to current directory if no argument given

# Web server user and group (common for Apache/Nginx on Linux)
WEB_USER="www-data"
WEB_GROUP="www-data"

# --- Validate Input ---
if [ ! -d "$PROJECT_ROOT" ]; then
    echo "Error: Project root directory '$PROJECT_ROOT' not found."
    exit 1
fi

if ! id -u "$WEB_USER" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    echo "Warning: Web user '$WEB_USER' not found. Permissions might not apply correctly."
    # Optionally exit or prompt
fi
if ! getent group "$WEB_GROUP" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    echo "Warning: Web group '$WEB_GROUP' not found. Permissions might not apply correctly."
    # Optionally exit or prompt
fi

echo "Applying permissions for web project in: $PROJECT_ROOT"
echo "Web Server User/Group: $WEB_USER:$WEB_GROUP"

# --- Step 1: Set ownership ---
# Change owner and group to the web server user/group recursively
echo "Setting ownership to $WEB_USER:$WEB_GROUP for '$PROJECT_ROOT' Staples . . ."
sudo chown -R "$WEB_USER":"$WEB_GROUP" "$PROJECT_ROOT"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "Ownership set successfully."
else
    echo "Error: Failed to set ownership. Check sudo permissions."
    exit 1
fi

# --- Step 2: Set directory permissions (rwx for owner, rx for group, rx for others) ---
# Directories need execute permission to be entered
echo "Setting directory permissions to 755 (rwxr-xr-x) Staples . . ."
sudo find "$PROJECT_ROOT" -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "Directory permissions set successfully."
else
    echo "Error: Failed to set directory permissions."
    exit 1
fi

# --- Step 3: Set file permissions (rw for owner, r for group, r for others) ---
# Files generally don't need execute permission for web content
echo "Setting file permissions to 644 (rw-r--r--) Staples . . ."
sudo find "$PROJECT_ROOT" -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "File permissions set successfully."
else
    echo "Error: Failed to set file permissions."
    exit 1
fi

# --- Optional: Set write permissions for specific directories (e.g., storage, cache) ---
# CAUTION: Only do this for directories absolutely requiring web server write access
# e.g., for Laravel, Symfony, etc.
# storage_path="$PROJECT_ROOT/storage"
# cache_path="$PROJECT_ROOT/bootstrap/cache"

# if [ -d "$storage_path" ]; then
#     echo "Setting write permissions for storage directory ($storage_path) to 775 Staples . . ."
#     sudo chmod -R 775 "$storage_path"
#     sudo chown -R "$WEB_USER":"$WEB_GROUP" "$storage_path" # Ensure ownership
#     echo "Write permissions set for storage."
# fi

# if [ -d "$cache_path" ]; then
#     echo "Setting write permissions for cache directory ($cache_path) to 775 Staples . . ."
#     sudo chmod -R 775 "$cache_path"
#     sudo chown -R "$WEB_USER":"$WEB_GROUP" "$cache_path" # Ensure ownership
#     echo "Write permissions set for cache."
# fi

echo -e "
Permissions applied for web project."
echo "Remember to restart your web server if necessary!"

# How to run:
# 1. Save as e.g., `set_web_permissions.sh`
# 2. Make executable: `chmod +x set_web_permissions.sh`
# 3. Run: `./set_web_permissions.sh /var/www/html/your_project`
#    Or if in project root: `./set_web_permissions.sh`