Converting Associative Array to HTML Attributes or Query String

<?php
$attributes = [
    'id' => 'myButton',
    'class' => 'btn btn-primary',
    'data-toggle' => 'modal',
    'data-target' => '#myModal',
    'disabled' => true, // Boolean true becomes 'disabled'
    'autofocus' => false, // Boolean false is ignored
    'aria-label' => 'Close',
    'style' => 'font-size: 16px;',
    'empty_val' => '',
    'null_val' => null
];

/**
 * Converts an associative array into a string of HTML attributes.
 * Handles boolean true as a standalone attribute and skips false/null/empty string values.
 */
function arrayToHtmlAttributes(array $attrs): string {
    $htmlParts = [];
    foreach ($attrs as $key => $value) {
        // Skip null, false, and empty string values for HTML attributes
        if ($value === null || $value === false || $value === '') {
            continue;
        }

        $escapedKey = htmlspecialchars((string)$key, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');

        if ($value === true) {
            // For boolean attributes like 'disabled', 'checked'
            $htmlParts[] = $escapedKey;
        } else {
            $escapedValue = htmlspecialchars((string)$value, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
            $htmlParts[] = "{$escapedKey}=\"{$escapedValue}\"";
        }
    }
    return implode(' ', $htmlParts);
}

// Example 1: HTML Attributes conversion
$htmlAttrs = arrayToHtmlAttributes($attributes);
echo "HTML Attributes: <button {$htmlAttrs}>Click me</button>

";
// Expected Output: HTML Attributes: <button id="myButton" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal" disabled aria-label="Close" style="font-size: 16px;">Click me</button>


$queryParams = [
    'page' => 2,
    'sort' => 'name',
    'filter' => [
        'status' => 'active',
        'category' => 'books with spaces'
    ],
    'include_null' => null,
    'include_empty' => ''
];

/**
 * Converts an associative array into a URL query string.
 * Uses PHP's built-in http_build_query for robust encoding.
 */
function arrayToQueryString(array $params): string {
    // http_build_query automatically handles URL encoding and nested arrays
    // It also ignores null values by default, and includes empty strings.
    return http_build_query($params);
}

// Example 2: Query String conversion
$queryString = arrayToQueryString($queryParams);
echo "Query String: ?{$queryString}
";
// Expected Output: Query String: ?page=2&sort=name&filter%5Bstatus%5D=active&filter%5Bcategory%5D=books+with+spaces&include_empty=
?>