Implementing API Call Retries with Exponential Backoff

async function fetchWithRetry(url, options = {}, retries = 3, delay = 1000) {
  try {
    const response = await fetch(url, options);

    if (response.status === 429 || response.status >= 500) { // Retry for Too Many Requests or Server Errors
      if (retries > 0) {
        console.warn(`Retrying API call for ${url}. Status: ${response.status}. Retries left: ${retries}`);
        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
        return fetchWithRetry(url, options, retries - 1, delay * 2); // Exponential backoff
      }
    }

    if (!response.ok) {
      const errorBody = await response.json().catch(() => ({ message: 'No error body' }));
      throw new Error(`HTTP error! Status: ${response.status}, Details: ${JSON.stringify(errorBody)}`);
    }

    return await response.json();
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(`Fetch operation failed after all retries for ${url}:`, error);
    throw error;
  }
}

// Example usage:
// (async () => {
//   try {
//     const data = await fetchWithRetry(
//       'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1',
//       { method: 'GET' },
//       5, // Max 5 retries
//       500 // Initial delay of 500ms
//     );
//     console.log('Data fetched with retry:', data);
//   } catch (error) {
//     console.error('Failed to fetch data after retries:', error);
//   }

//   // Example of a failing call (replace with an actual URL that might fail or simulate a 500)
//   // try {
//   //   const failingData = await fetchWithRetry(
//   //     'https://api.brokenexample.com/data', // Assume this URL returns 500 errors
//   //     {}, 2, 200
//   //   );
//   //   console.log('Should not reach here for failing call:', failingData);
//   // } catch (error) {
//   //   console.error('Correctly caught error for failing call after retries:', error);
//   // }
// })();