Implementing Basic Script Logging and Error Handling

#!/bin/bash

LOG_FILE="/tmp/myscript_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log"
SCRIPT_NAME=$(basename "$0")

# Function to log messages
log() {
    local type="$1"
    local message="$2"
    echo "$(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') [$type] $SCRIPT_NAME: $message" | tee -a "$LOG_FILE"
}

# Trap errors and exit cleanly
handle_error() {
    local last_command="$BASH_COMMAND"
    local line_number="$LINENO"
    log "ERROR" "Command failed: '$last_command' at line $line_number"
    exit 1
}

trap 'handle_error' ERR
set -e # Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status

log "INFO" "Script started."
log "INFO" "Log file: $LOG_FILE"

# Example commands
echo "--- Performing Task 1 ---"
log "INFO" "Attempting to create a temporary directory."
mkdir -p /tmp/my_temp_dir || log "WARNING" "Failed to create /tmp/my_temp_dir, it might already exist."
sleep 1

echo "--- Performing Task 2 ---"
log "INFO" "Attempting to copy a file (simulated)."
cp /etc/hosts /tmp/my_temp_dir/hosts_backup || log "ERROR" "Failed to copy /etc/hosts" # This will trigger the error trap if it fails
sleep 1

# Simulate a command that will fail to demonstrate error handling
echo "--- Performing Task 3 (will fail) ---"
log "INFO" "Attempting a command that will intentionally fail."
# This command will fail because 'non_existent_command' does not exist
non_existent_command "arg" # This line should trigger the trap due to set -e

log "INFO" "This message should not be reached if Task 3 fails and 'set -e' is active."

log "INFO" "Script finished successfully."