Robust Data Fetching with Error Handling & Cancellation

async function fetchDataWithCancellation(url, options = {}) {
    const controller = new AbortController();
    const signal = controller.signal;

    const timeout = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), options.timeout || 30000); // Default 30s timeout

    try {
        const response = await fetch(url, { ...options, signal });

        if (!response.ok) {
            const errorData = await response.json().catch(() => ({ message: 'Unknown error' }));
            throw new Error(`HTTP error! Status: ${response.status}, Message: ${errorData.message || response.statusText}`);
        }

        return await response.json();
    } catch (error) {
        if (error.name === 'AbortError') {
            console.warn('Fetch request was aborted:', error.message);
            throw new Error('Request timed out or was cancelled.');
        }
        console.error('Fetch error:', error);
        throw error;
    } finally {
        clearTimeout(timeout);
    }
}

// Example Usage:
// const abortController = new AbortController(); // If you want to manually abort
// fetchDataWithCancellation('https://api.example.com/data', {
//     method: 'GET',
//     headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
//     timeout: 5000, // 5 seconds timeout
//     // signal: abortController.signal // Pass if you have an external controller
// })
// .then(data => console.log('Fetched data:', data))
// .catch(error => console.error('Failed to fetch:', error.message));

// // To manually abort after some condition (if not using internal timeout):
// // setTimeout(() => abortController.abort(), 2000);